Uses of Adderall Adderall is a medication primarily used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It functions as a central nervous system stimulant, composed of a combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. By increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, it helps individuals improve focus, impulse control. For those with ADHD.